Shortest distance between Chile and Australia, or any two points on the Earth's surface, is always represented by a great circle route. These routes follow the curvature of the Earth and appear curved on flat maps. Traveling over the Arctic, in this case, would not be a shorter or more efficient route due to the Earth's spherical shape, and it would significantly increase the travel time and distance. When we think about the shortest distance between two points on a globe, like Chile and Australia, we have to consider the Earth's curved surface. Imagine drawing a straight line between these two points on a map. To find the true shortest path, we need to consider this line in the context of the Earth's spherical shape. A great circle route represents the shortest distance between any two points on the Earth's surface. It is the circumference of a circle that divides the Earth into two equal halves. When you draw a line on the Earth's surface connecting two locations, the shortest route will always follow a great circle. Now, if you look at a globe or a map, you'll notice that the shortest path between Chile and Australia appears to curve over the Pacific Ocean. This route is following the great circle path, which takes into account the Earth's spherical shape. Even though it might seem counterintuitive when looking at a flat map, the curved path over the Pacific Ocean is indeed the shortest distance between these two points. On the other hand, if you were to attempt to travel from Chile to Australia by going over the Arctic, you would be taking a longer route. This route would not follow the great circle path and would, in fact, be inefficient and much longer in terms of both time and distance. The Earth's circumference is smaller near the poles, so traveling over the Arctic would involve a longer journey.